String length

var str = "J\x{332}o\x{332}s\x{332}e\x{301}\x{332}"

Byte Length

UTF-8 byte length (default):

say str.bytes.len       #=> 14

UTF-16 byte length:

say str.encode('UTF-16').bytes.len      #=> 20

Character Length

say str.chars.len    #=> 9

Grapheme Length

say str.graphs.len   #=> 4